Under which circumstances can a lawyer reveal information relating to the representation of a client?

A lawyer is permitted to reveal information relating to the representation of a client primarily under two key circumstances: when the client gives informed consent or when the lawyer believes it is necessary to prevent certain forms of harm. Informed consent means that the client understands and agrees to the disclosure of information in a clear and voluntary manner. This is essential to maintaining the trust and confidentiality that is foundational to the attorney-client relationship.

Additionally, there are specific situations where a lawyer may disclose information to prevent significant harm, such as preventing a crime or preventing imminent death or serious bodily harm. These exceptions recognize the need to balance the duty of confidentiality with protecting the welfare of individuals or the public.

The other options do not align with the ethical guidelines governing lawyers. For instance, revealing information simply because it benefits the lawyer's reputation is unethical and violates the principle of client trust. Similarly, disclosing information just because it is public knowledge does not justify the breach of confidentiality if that information was revealed within the context of client representation. Lastly, the necessity of court approval is not inherently a condition for disclosure unless specifically mandated by law, further illustrating the ethics surrounding confidentiality in lawyer-client relationships.